I’m a bit skeptical as to strength and impacts in FL. The EPS, including its operational run, has consistently shown surprisingly weak winds relative to MSLP (the operational EC shows TS winds with a MSLP in the low 970s mb), and even though the HWRF/HMON/HAFS have shown more deepening, they, like the global models, have also suggested a somewhat sloppy structure prior to and during landfall, with very weak winds on the western side. The orientation of the deep-layer shear-vectors relative to Helene’s trajectory suggests the potential for (significant?) shear and dry air over the northern Gulf of Mexico. These factors would limit Helene’s intensification and might also ensure that winds do not mix efficiently to the surface. (A lot of systems in recent years have seen much lower winds at the surface vs. flight-level, as the Atlantic basin has gotten drier and/or more stable. Recall Idalia. Maybe there is a connection?) Along with Helene’s fast forward speed, these considerations might reduce surge significantly vs. the 10’-15’ that the NHC currently expects. I think Helene will deepen over the Gulf, but not much lower than the lower 950s or upper 940s mb, and its actual impact will end up being less than advertised.