Sawmaster
Member
It's been forever since I studied this but I do remember seeing some incredible damage pics here and there which were EF5 IMHO like broken and heaved slabs, larger chunks of structures including concrete sections being blown long distances, and some anchored structures but the vast majority of the path was EF4 and less. This outbreak and this tornado in particular we where I first took a deep dive into EF ratings, DI's, DOD's and the like to try and understand exactly what was what. I spent a huge amount of time going between pics, posted surveys, and the lists used to survey with and I am certain of my own thoughts being correct here.This. That is essentially why the tornado got rated EF5.
Honestly... during the 2013-2025 drought where EF5 ratings were dependent on an impossibly high construction standard, I don't think a single structure along the Hackleburg-Phil Campbell path would have passed EF5 muster. Pretty much all of the EF5-rated damage along the path may have (and probably would have) been nitpicked down to EF4. "CMU foundation", "not swept clean enough" or "not a valid DI" covers pretty much everything unfortunately - and that's exactly what went wrong with damage surveying for so long.
But during the EF scale's earlier years, it was indeed eligible for (and got rated) EF5. And post-Enderlin it would probably get that rating too.
Hopefully we're back on track.
Looking back a few years later the surveys were inconsistent, sometimes sporadic, and it seems the people doing it were stunned into a stupor or overwhelmed at times doing things too fast. In other words a lot was missed. I am absolutely NOT criticizing anyone for this as the known destruction was massive in the upper Alabama area and that had to be on their minds throughout. Anyone there who didn't have those feelings constantly interrupting their thoughts would not have a shred of humanity left in them. And there were noted instances where clean-up had begun before anyone even arrived on scene to survey.
Given the ever-decreasing resources available I don't think any of the worst tornadoes in this outbreak are worth a deep dive just to change ratings anymore. There's too much other work to do in places where the facts are better documented and would make for a better basis to study intently. There will always be debate with these tornadoes and the best we can do is hope and pray that it never happens again.