You've all heard talk of super El Ninos, but don't even get me started on MEGA El Ninos.
Long-lasting, widespread heat and weather extremes may have caused the Great Dying extinction event 252 million years ago.
www.sciencenews.org
In all seriousness, even though we're making these distinctions, it's very important not to diminish the impact these super El Ninos have on global weather and agriculture. The more research I'm doing the more it seems like the very conditions that lead to the fertile crescent and widespread agriculture 10-12,000 years ago was the result of much less extreme weather and much milder El Ninos.
the last glacial maximum (21,000 years ago) created a much deeper ocean mixed layer and robust Walker circulations that resisted wind shifts. This made global weather and temps much more stable, and it's likely what lead to the conditions for sustainable agriculture and rapid human evolution.
Warming global temperature baselines have created shallower mixed layers and weaker Walker circulations. This creates what's called a Bjerknes feedback loop where shallower mixed layers and weaker circulations lead to even shallower mixed layers and weaker circulations. Thus leading to more frequent and stronger El Ninos, which lead to amplified shifts in weather and temperature.
Make of that what you will, but in terms of our planets history, modern humans are the tiniest fraction of a sliver of it, and these huge global shifts in weather are going to be extremely impactful.